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| Color-enhanced scanning electron micrograph of a partially occluded, atherosclerotic blood vessel. |
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Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke
Diabetes Management1
Because there is a close association of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients, appropriate hypoglycemic therapy should be provided to achieve near-normal fasting plasma glucose (< 110 mg/dL) or as indicated by near-normal HbA1c (< 7%). The first step is usually diet and exercise. When that is ineffective, the second step is usually oral hypoglycemic drugs. Should that fail, the third step is insulin. In addition, other risk factors should be treated aggressively. For example, the blood pressure goal should be changed to < 130/80 mmHg and LDL cholesterol goal should be < 100 mg/dL.
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